Pulse Testing vs. Blower Door Testing

Pulse testing and blower door testing are two approved methods for evaluating a building envelope’s air tightness. While both techniques aim to achieve the same goal, they differ in their approach, applications, and limitations.

This blog explores the details of these air tightness testing methods, helping you to understand the strengths and limitations of both government approved methods in evaluating building performance.

Pulse Testing

Understanding Pulse Testing

Pulse testing is a relatively new and innovative method for measuring air leakage in buildings. Unlike the traditional blower door technique, it doesn’t require creating a significant pressure difference across the building envelope. Instead, it utilises a quick burst (or “pulse”) of air released into the building and analyses the pressure decay over a short period. By measuring this decay, the test provides data on the building’s overall airtightness.

Applications of Pulse Testing

Pulse testing is suitable for various situations:

• Existing buildings: Since it uses a lower pressure compared to blower door testing, it’s a less disruptive option for occupied buildings.
• Quick evaluations: The test’s simplicity allows for faster completion times compared to blower door testing, making it ideal for preliminary assessments.
• Smaller Building Layouts: It can be advantageous for smaller buildings with simpler layouts.

Advantages and Limitations of Pulse Testing

Pulse testing has some benefits:

• Minimal disruption: The lower pressure uses minimises stress on the building envelope and avoids the need for extensive door sealing, making it more suitable for occupied buildings.
• Faster testing: The quick release and analysis of the air pulse can lead to faster test completion times.

However, it also has limitations:

• Newer technology: As a relatively new technique, it may not be as widely recognised compared to the established blower door method.
• Challenges in bigger buildings: Achieving a uniform pressure distribution and interpreting data can be more challenging in bigger or complex buildings with numerous compartments or unconventional layouts.

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Blower Door Testing

Understanding Blower Door Testing

Blower door testing is the traditional and most widely recognised method for measuring building airtightness. It involves installing a powerful fan into a doorway, creating a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the building. By measuring the airflow required to maintain this pressure difference, the test determines the building’s air leakage rate.

Applications of Blower Door Testing

Blower door testing remains a valuable tool for various applications:

• Detailed diagnostics: The test can identify specific locations of air leaks in the building envelope, allowing for targeted repairs and improvements.
• Verification of construction practices: Blower door testing can verify the effectiveness of construction methods aimed at achieving airtightness.
• Retrofitting evaluations: The test helps assess the effectiveness of air sealing measures implemented during building retrofits.

Advantages and Limitations of Blower Door Testing

Blower door testing offers several advantages:

• Established method: It is a well-established and widely accepted testing method with a proven track record.
• Detailed data: The test provides comprehensive data on the building’s airtightness across a broader pressure range.
• Leak location identification: The test can help pinpoint specific locations of air leaks for effective repairs.

However, it also has limitations:

• Disruptive process: Sealing doorways and pressurising the building can be disruptive to occupants and may require temporary relocation of certain belongings.
• Longer testing times: Setting up the equipment and conducting the test can take longer compared to pulse testing.

Quick Comparison of Pulse Testing and Blower Door Testing

Both testing methods serve the same purpose of evaluating building airtightness, but they differ significantly in their approach. Here’s a quick comparison:

Pulse Testing

• Pressure: Lower pressure range (typically around 4 Pa)
• Disruption: Minimal disruption
• Testing Time: Faster test completion times
• Data Provided: Primarily data at lower pressure
• Leak Location: Limited ability to pinpoint leaks directly

Blower Door Testing

• Pressure: Higher pressure range (typically around 50 Pa)
• Disruption: Can be disruptive to occupants
• Testing Time: Longer testing times
• Data Provided: Comprehensive data across a broader pressure range
• Leak Location: Can help identify specific locations of air leaks

Conclusion and Considerations

Choosing between the two air testing types depends on your specific needs and priorities. Here are some key considerations:

• Purpose of the test: If you need a quick and non-disruptive evaluation for an existing building, pulse testing might be a suitable choice. However, if compliance with building codes or detailed leak location is crucial, blower door testing remains the preferred method.
• Building type and size: Pulse testing can be advantageous for large or complex buildings where blower door setup might be challenging.
• Project Stage: Blower door testing might be suitable for pre-construction planning or final verification after construction. Pulse testing can be a good option for post-construction testing or in occupied buildings where noise disruption is a concern.

It’s important to consult with a qualified building performance professional who can assess your specific situation and recommend the most appropriate testing method for your needs.

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